Cholelithiasis

Cholelithiasis, commonly known as gallstones, involves the formation of hardened deposits in the gallbladder, a small organ that stores bile to aid digestion. These stones develop when substances like cholesterol or bilirubin become concentrated and solidify. Gallstones can cause symptoms like pain in the upper right abdomen, nausea, or indigestion, especially if they block the flow of bile. Some people may have gallstones without symptoms. Factors such as high cholesterol, obesity, or certain medical conditions can increase the risk. Treatment options range from watchful waiting to removal of the gallbladder if symptoms or complications occur.