Charles IX

Charles IX was a king of France from the House of Valois, reigning from 1560 to 1574. He is best known for his role during the French Wars of Religion, a series of conflicts between Catholics and Huguenots (Protestants). His reign witnessed significant turmoil, including the infamous St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre in 1572, where thousands of Huguenots were killed. Charles IX struggled to maintain peace in a divided nation and is often seen as a tragic figure influenced by powerful advisors and family conflicts. His reign marked a critical period in French history that shaped future religious and political dynamics.