Cellular automaton theory

Cellular automaton theory studies systems composed of simple, grid-like cells that evolve over discrete time steps according to specific rules based on their neighbors' states. Despite their simplicity, these local interactions can produce complex, unpredictable patterns and behaviors, offering insights into how intricate patterns emerge from straightforward rules. The theory helps model phenomena in nature, physics, and computer science, illustrating how order and complexity can arise from basic, rule-based interactions within a structured environment.