cave systems

Cave systems are natural underground networks formed over thousands to millions of years through the process of erosion, primarily by water flowing through soluble rocks like limestone. As water seeps through cracks, it dissolves the rock, creating tunnels, chambers, and intricate passages. These systems can include stalactites and stalagmites—mineral deposits that hang from ceilings or rise from floors. Caves provide unique ecosystems and insights into geological and climatic history. Exploring them reveals complex, often labyrinthine structures shaped by natural forces, offering both scientific interest and adventure opportunities.