Carbonization

Carbonization is the process of converting organic materials, such as wood or coal, into carbon-rich substances through heating in the absence of oxygen. During this process, volatile compounds like water, tar, and gases are driven off, leaving behind mainly carbon and ash. This process creates charcoal from wood or coke from coal. Carbonization is essential in industries like metallurgy and energy production, providing a dense, efficient form of carbon used in various applications, including fuel, filtration, and chemical manufacturing.