Capabilities and Capabilities Approach

Capabilities refer to the genuine opportunities or freedoms individuals have to perform actions or achieve certain life states they value, beyond just resources or income. The Capabilities Approach, developed by economist Amartya Sen and philosopher Martha Nussbaum, emphasizes expanding people's freedoms to lead lives they value, focusing on what individuals are able to do and be. It shifts the focus from economic wealth alone to the quality of life and actual opportunities, promoting social policies that enhance individual well-being and dignity by providing meaningful choices and capacities.