Bundle Theory

Bundle Theory is a philosophical concept that suggests that objects, or particulars, are not distinct entities with inherent qualities, but rather collections or "bundles" of properties or characteristics. According to this view, what we perceive as a specific object—like a tree or a chair—is just a grouping of attributes (such as color, shape, and size) that happen to coalesce. Bundle Theory challenges the idea of "substance," proposing that there are no underlying entities beyond these properties. This theory connects to the discussion of universals, which are the shared qualities that multiple particulars can have, like "redness" in red apples and red cars.