buffer capacity

Buffer capacity refers to the ability of a solution to resist changes in its pH when small amounts of acid or base are added. Think of it like a sponge that absorbs extra liquids without changing its shape; a high buffer capacity means the solution can handle more added acid or base without significantly altering its pH. This property is important in biological and chemical systems to maintain stability and proper function, especially when small amounts of acids or bases are introduced, ensuring the environment remains balanced.