Brownian Motion

Brownian motion refers to the random, jittery movement of tiny particles suspended in a fluid (liquid or gas). This movement results from particles constantly colliding with the much smaller molecules of the surrounding fluid, which themselves are in constant, erratic motion. These collisions cause the particles to move unpredictably in all directions. Brownian motion provides evidence for the existence of atoms and molecules and helps scientists understand molecular behavior. It is an essential concept in physics and chemistry, illustrating how microscopic interactions lead to observable microscopic and macroscopic phenomena.