Boltzmann ensemble

The Boltzmann ensemble is a concept in statistical mechanics that describes how particles or molecules in a system distribute themselves among various energy states. It predicts that lower-energy states are more likely to be occupied than higher-energy ones, but higher-energy states still have a chance of being occupied, especially at higher temperatures. Essentially, it provides a mathematical framework to understand the probabilities of a system's components being in different configurations, balancing energy and temperature to explain the behavior of particles in thermodynamic equilibrium.