biotic factors

Biotic factors are the living components of an environment that influence ecosystems and habitats. They include all organisms such as plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and any other living things. These factors interact with each other and their surroundings, affecting survival, growth, and reproduction. For example, predators control prey populations, plants provide food and shelter for animals, and bacteria help break down organic matter. Overall, biotic factors shape the structure and dynamics of ecosystems by creating relationships and dependencies among living organisms.