biological heart valves

Biological heart valves are natural or artificial structures that control blood flow through the heart's chambers, ensuring unidirectional movement. Biological valves are made from animal tissue (commonly pig or cow) or human donors, which are treated to reduce rejection. They operate like natural valves, opening to allow blood flow and closing to prevent backflow. These valves are used in surgeries to replace damaged or diseased valves, offering advantages like better compatibility and less need for lifelong blood thinners, though they may wear out over time and sometimes require replacement.