biofilm reactors

Biofilm reactors are systems used to treat wastewater or other contaminated fluids. They work by encouraging beneficial microbes to attach to surfaces, forming a slimy layer called a biofilm. As the wastewater flows over or through this biofilm, the microbes naturally break down pollutants, removing harmful substances. This process is efficient because microbes are concentrated in one area, making contaminant removal effective and often more sustainable. Biofilm reactors are commonly used in environmental engineering to clean water while minimizing chemical use and energy consumption.