BICS/CALP Framework

The BICS/CALP framework distinguishes between two types of language proficiency in education. BICS, or Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills, refers to everyday conversational skills needed for social interactions. This includes casual language used in familiar settings. CALP, or Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency, involves the language required for understanding and expressing complex ideas in academic contexts, such as reading textbooks and writing essays. While BICS can develop quickly, CALP takes longer to acquire as it requires deep comprehension of specific academic language and concepts. Understanding this distinction helps educators support language learners effectively in both social and academic settings.