BCS Hamiltonian

The BCS Hamiltonian is a mathematical framework used to describe how electrons pair up in certain materials, leading to superconductivity—where electrical resistance drops to zero. In this model, electrons form pairs called Cooper pairs through attractive interactions, allowing them to move collectively without energy loss. The Hamiltonian captures the energy dynamics of these paired electrons and their interactions, providing insights into how and why materials become superconductors at low temperatures. It's a fundamental tool in condensed matter physics for understanding and predicting superconducting behavior in materials.