BB84 Protocol

The BB84 protocol is a method for securely sharing encryption keys using quantum physics. It involves the sender (Alice) transmitting photons polarized in different ways to the receiver (Bob). Because of quantum properties, any eavesdropper trying to intercept the photons would disturb their states, alerting Alice and Bob to potential interference. This process ensures that the shared key remains secret, enabling secure communication. BB84 leverages the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics to detect eavesdropping and guarantee privacy, making it a foundational technique in quantum cryptography.