Battle of Cynoscephalae

The Battle of Cynoscephalae in 197 BC was a decisive conflict between the Roman Republic and the Greek Macedonian Kingdom. The Romans, fighting on foot, used their well-trained legions to break through the Macedonian phalanx—a tight formation of soldiers with long spears. Despite the phalanx’s strength in open terrain, the Romans’ flexible tactics and discipline allowed them to outmaneuver and defeat the Macedonians. This victory marked the decline of Macedonian power and established Roman influence in Greece. It is also notable for showcasing the effectiveness of the Roman military system against traditional Greek tactics.