Barotropic and Baroclinic waves

Barotropic and baroclinic waves are types of atmospheric waves that influence weather patterns. Barotropic waves occur in atmospheres where temperature is uniform with height, leading to horizontal undulations that move energy smoothly without vertical change, often resulting in stable weather systems. In contrast, baroclinic waves happen when temperature varies with height, creating unstable conditions that promote the development of cyclones and storms through vertical moisture and temperature differences. Essentially, barotropic waves are more uniform and stable, while baroclinic waves involve vertical temperature contrasts and are key drivers of dynamic, weather-changing systems.