Avian cardiovascular system

The avian cardiovascular system, like in many animals, consists of a heart and blood vessels that circulate blood. Birds have a powerful, four-chambered heart—similar to humans—that efficiently separates oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood. This allows for a high metabolic rate necessary for flight and activity. Blood vessels carry oxygen and nutrients to tissues and remove waste. The system is adapted for high performance, supporting rapid energy use. Overall, the bird’s cardiovascular system is specialized for endurance and agility, ensuring vital organs receive ample oxygen to sustain flight and other demanding activities.