avascular necrosis

Avascular necrosis (AVN) occurs when blood flow to a bone is disrupted, causing the bone tissue to die due to lack of oxygen and nutrients. This can lead to the weakening and collapse of the affected bone, often causing joint pain and reduced mobility. Commonly affects the hip, shoulder, or knees. Causes include trauma, certain medical conditions, or long-term use of steroids. Early diagnosis and treatment aim to preserve joint function, which may involve medications, physical therapy, or surgery like joint replacement in advanced cases.