Atlantoaxial instability

Atlantoaxial instability is a condition where the joint between the first and second vertebrae in the neck (the atlas and axis) becomes too loose or unstable. This can cause abnormal movement that may put pressure on the spinal cord or nerves, leading to symptoms such as neck pain, numbness, weakness, or difficulty moving the head. It can result from trauma, certain genetic conditions like Down syndrome, or diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment may involve physical therapy, medications, or surgery to stabilize the joint and prevent further complications.