asthma pathophysiology

Asthma is a chronic condition that affects the airways in the lungs. In people with asthma, these airways are sensitive and can become inflamed in response to triggers like allergens, smoke, or exercise. This inflammation causes the muscles around the airways to tighten, making it harder to breathe. Additionally, the airways can produce extra mucus, further narrowing them. This combination leads to symptoms like wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Understanding and managing these reactions through medication and avoiding triggers can help control asthma and improve quality of life.