Ashurbanipal (Assyrian but relevant)

Ashurbanipal was an influential Assyrian king (reigned c. 685–627 BCE) known for creating one of the ancient world's greatest libraries in Nineveh, preserving knowledge of literature, science, and history. He strengthened the empire through military conquests and cultural achievements, fostering a rich urban culture. His reign marked the peak of Assyria’s power, blending warfare with scholarship, and leaving a legacy that offers valuable insights into Mesopotamian civilization. Ashurbanipal's combination of military prowess and scholarly patronage exemplifies the complexity and sophistication of Assyrian rule.