arteriovenous malformations

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal connections between arteries and veins that bypass the capillary system. Instead of blood flowing normally from arteries to capillaries and then to veins, it flows directly, which can lead to problems like increased pressure and risk of bleeding. AVMs can occur in various parts of the body, including the brain and spine, and may remain undetected or cause symptoms like headaches, seizures, or neurological issues. Treatment options can include monitoring, medications, or surgical procedures, depending on the AVM's size and location and the symptoms it causes.