Arithmetic hierarchy

The arithmetic hierarchy is a way mathematicians classify sets of problems based on how complex their solutions are, especially those involving logical and computational processes. It organizes problems into levels depending on the type and number of logical steps needed to solve or verify them, often involving various combinations of basic logical operations like "and," "or," and "not." Think of it as a ladder that measures the complexity of problems, helping us understand which are more difficult or require more advanced reasoning to resolve within the realm of basic arithmetic and logic.