anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA)

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are immune proteins that mistakenly target and attack the body's own cell nuclei, which contain genetic material. Normally, the immune system defends against harmful invaders like bacteria and viruses, but in cases of autoimmune conditions, it can turn against healthy tissues. The presence of ANA is often associated with autoimmune diseases such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and sclerosis. Testing for ANA helps doctors diagnose and monitor these conditions. Not everyone with ANA has an autoimmune disease, but its presence indicates an increased likelihood of immune system dysregulation.