Alfred Wegener (Continental Drift)

Alfred Wegener was a German scientist who proposed the theory of continental drift in the early 20th century. He suggested that continents were once joined together in a single landmass called Pangaea and have since drifted apart over millions of years. Wegener based his theory on evidence like the matching coastlines of Africa and South America, similar fossils found on different continents, and geological similarities. Though initially controversial, his ideas laid the groundwork for the modern understanding of plate tectonics, which explains how Earth's continents move and shape the planet over time.