Alfonso VIII of Castile

Alfonso VIII of Castile was a Spanish king who ruled from 1158 to 1214. He was notable for his role in the Reconquista, the effort to reclaim Iberian territories from Muslim control. Alfonso successfully united various Christian factions, leading to his victory at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212, which marked a turning point in the Reconquista. His reign strengthened the Kingdom of Castile, expanded its territory, and improved its governance. He was also known for fostering cultural and economic development, laying the groundwork for modern Spain.