Al-'Ubaid

Al-'Ubaid is an ancient archaeological site located in southern Iraq, representing an important early civilization that thrived around 6,000 years ago during the late Neolithic and early Chalcolithic periods. It is notable for its advanced pottery, architectural structures, and social organization, indicating a shift toward more complex, settled communities. The site provides valuable insights into early urban development and proto-city life in Mesopotamia, laying foundations for later civilizations in the region, including Sumer. Excavations at Al-'Ubaid have enriched our understanding of early human settlement, social hierarchies, and cultural practices in ancient Southern Iraq.