Al-Muqaddimah

Al-Muqaddimah, meaning "The Introduction," is a famous philosophical and historical work by Ibn Khaldun. It explores the nature of societies, history, and human civilization, emphasizing how social, economic, and political factors influence the rise and fall of civilizations. Ibn Khaldun introduces concepts like "asabiyyah" (social cohesion) and cyclical patterns of history, offering a scientific approach to understanding societal development. The work is considered a foundational text in sociology and historiography, providing insights into social dynamics that remain relevant today.