Al-Afghani's "The Refutation of the Materialist"

Al-Afghani's "The Refutation of the Materialist" challenges the idea that only physical matter and science explain reality. He argues that purely material explanations ignore spiritual and moral dimensions essential to human existence. Al-Afghani emphasizes that reason and faith should complement each other, and that acknowledging spiritual realities doesn't negate scientific progress. His work advocates for a balanced view, asserting that human consciousness, morality, and divine principles are crucial components of understanding life and the universe, resisting skepticism that reduces everything to mere material causes.