Adsorption isotherm

Adsorption isotherms describe how substances adhere to surfaces at a constant temperature. They illustrate the relationship between the amount of material adsorbed (stuck to a surface) and its concentration in the surrounding environment, usually a liquid or gas. By studying these relationships, scientists can understand how materials like pollutants, dyes, or gases interact with surfaces, which is crucial in fields like environmental science, chemistry, and material engineering. Common isotherm models include Langmuir and Freundlich, each representing different behaviors of adsorption based on surface characteristics and limitations.