Acids and bases

Acids and bases are two types of chemicals that affect how substances taste, feel, and react. Acids are compounds that release positive hydrogen ions (H⁺) in solution, often tasting sour and can dissolve metals. Bases release negative hydroxide ions (OH⁻), usually feeling slippery and tasting bitter. Their interaction is called a neutralization, where acids and bases combine to form water and other substances. Common examples include lemon juice (acidic) and soap (basic). Understanding acids and bases helps explain many processes in biology, chemistry, and everyday life, from digestion to cleaning.