Acellular vaccine

An acellular vaccine is a type of vaccine that contains parts of the pathogen (like proteins or sugars) instead of the whole germ. This approach helps the immune system recognize and fight the disease without using live bacteria or viruses, reducing the risk of side effects. Acellular vaccines are used for diseases such as whooping cough and some types of influenza. By triggering an immune response, they prepare the body to defend against infections, while often being safer and more refined than whole-cell vaccines.