AC Optimal Power Flow

AC Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is a method used by power system operators to determine the most efficient way to generate and distribute electricity, ensuring supply meets demand while minimizing costs. It considers the complex physics of alternating current (AC) electricity, including voltage levels and power flows across the grid. By solving mathematical models, OPF finds the best settings for generators and network controls to operate safely, reliably, and cost-effectively under current conditions. This helps maintain grid stability, reduce energy costs, and incorporate renewable sources efficiently.