Abyssal zone

The Abyssal Zone is a deep part of the ocean, typically found between 13,000 and 20,000 feet below the surface. It is characterized by near-freezing temperatures, extreme pressure, and complete darkness because sunlight cannot reach these depths. Despite harsh conditions, it hosts unique ecosystems of specially adapted creatures, such as rare fish and invertebrates, often relying on organic matter falling from above or chemosynthesis near hydrothermal vents. The Abyssal Zone plays a crucial role in the Earth's carbon cycle and represents one of the least explored areas of our planet's oceans.