A1AT deficiency

Alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency is a genetic condition where the body doesn't produce enough of a protein called A1AT, which protects the lungs and liver from damage. Without enough A1AT, the lungs can become vulnerable to harmful enzymes, leading to conditions like emphysema or COPD, which cause breathing difficulties. It can also cause liver problems. The condition is inherited, meaning it's passed down from parents. While some individuals have mild symptoms, others may experience more serious health issues. Diagnosis involves blood tests and genetic analysis, and management focuses on preventing lung damage and supporting liver health.