405 BC

405 BC marks a significant year in ancient Greek history, primarily known for the end of the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta. In this year, Athens surrendered to Sparta, effectively ending its dominance and marking a shift in Greek power. The war’s conclusion led to the loss of Athens’ empire, influence, and a period of instability and decline for Greek city-states. This event shaped the course of Greek history and influenced the development of Western civilization by marking the decline of Athens’ golden age.