3. Harald zur Hausen - Virologist

Harald zur Hausen is a German virologist best known for discovering that certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cervical cancer. His groundbreaking research showed the link between these viruses and the disease, leading to the development of vaccines that can prevent HPV infections. This work has significantly improved public health, reducing the incidence of cervical cancer worldwide. For his contributions, zur Hausen received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2008. His research underscores the importance of understanding viruses in preventing cancer and improving health outcomes.