2D packing problem

The 2D packing problem involves arranging various shapes or objects within a two-dimensional space, like a sheet of paper, to maximize space utilization without overlaps. The goal is to position items efficiently, minimizing wasted space, which is important in manufacturing, shipping, and storage. It requires finding the best way to fit items together, often balancing constraints like shape, size, and orientation. Essentially, it's a puzzle of optimal placement to make the most of a flat area, ensuring everything fits neatly and efficiently.