18th century mathematics

The 18th century was a pivotal period in mathematics, marked by the development of calculus, advancing understanding of algebra, and the rise of mathematical analysis. Mathematicians like Euler made significant contributions, creating formulas that describe how quantities change and relate—foundations for physics and engineering. This era also saw the formalization of mathematical notation and the expansion of probability theory, shaping modern scientific methods. Overall, 18th-century mathematics laid crucial groundwork for future innovations, blending logical rigor with practical applications across sciences and technology.