1819

The year 1819 was notable for significant events worldwide. In Britain, the Peterloo Massacre occurred when peaceful protesters advocating for political reform were shot by cavalry. In the United States, the first major effort to create a national mental health institution, the American Lunatic Asylum, was established. Spain faced internal conflict in its colonies, including Mexico's ongoing fight for independence, which it sought to suppress. Additionally, 1819 was notable in science for the discovery of the first asteroid, Ceres. Overall, it was a year marked by political unrest, social change, and scientific advancements.