16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

16S rRNA gene sequencing is a technique used to identify and classify bacteria by analyzing a specific part of their genetic material. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene is present in all bacteria and contains regions that are highly conserved (similar across species) and others that are variable (different between species). By sequencing these regions, scientists can determine which bacteria are present in a sample and understand their relationships. This method is essential for studying microbial diversity, diagnosing infections, and exploring environmental microbiomes, providing a detailed view of bacterial populations without needing to culture them in the lab.