Yukar (Ainu epic poetry)

Yukar are traditional Ainu epic poems that serve as a vital oral tradition, recounting myths, legends, and historical narratives. Performed with musical accompaniment, typically using traditional instruments like the mukkuri (a type of comb-like rasp) and the tonkori (a stringed instrument), Yukar are often narrated by a trained storyteller called an "yukar reader." These poetic stories explore themes of creation, spiritual beliefs, gods, and the relationship between humans and nature. As a cultural expression, Yukar preserve Ainu identity,伝 conveying their worldview and values through poetic storytelling that has been passed down through generations.