yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs)

Yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) are laboratory tools that mimic natural human chromosomes within yeast cells. They are engineered DNA molecules that can carry large chunks of genetic material, making them useful for studying genes and genome organization. YACs include essential chromosome features, such as origins of replication and centromeres, allowing yeast cells to accurately replicate and segregate them. Researchers use YACs to clone, analyze, and manipulate large DNA sequences, playing a vital role in genome mapping, sequencing projects, and genetic studies. They combine the stability of yeast with the capacity to carry extensive genetic information.