Xunzi

Xunzi was an ancient Chinese philosopher who believed that human nature is inherently self-interested and unruly. He argued that society's order and moral virtues are not natural but shaped through education, rituals, and deliberate effort. Unlike some thinkers who saw humans as inherently good, Xunzi emphasized discipline and structured learning to cultivate morality and harmony. His ideas highlight the importance of conscious effort and cultural practices in creating a well-functioning society.