X-ray generation

X-ray generation occurs when a high-energy source, like an electron beam, strikes a metal target, usually tungsten. This collision causes rapid deceleration of the electrons, producing X-rays through a process called bremsstrahlung radiation. Additionally, some electrons directly eject inner-shell electrons from the metal atoms, leading to characteristic X-ray emissions when outer-shell electrons fill these vacancies. The resulting X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation with high energy, capable of penetrating materials to create images of internal structures, such as bones or industrial components, based on how much they are absorbed or transmitted.