X-ray attenuation

X-ray attenuation refers to the reduction in intensity of X-ray beams as they pass through different materials. When X-rays encounter tissues, bones, or other substances, some of the rays are absorbed or scattered, depending on the material's density and composition. Denser materials like bone absorb more X-rays, appearing white on the image, while softer tissues allow more rays to pass through, showing up darker. Attenuation helps create detailed images of internal structures, with variations in how much X-rays are weakened providing contrast that allows healthcare providers to identify abnormalities or injuries.