x-height

X-height refers to the distance between the baseline of a lowercase letter and the top of its lowercase “x,” which is the standard letter used to measure this height. It indicates the size of the main body of most lowercase letters, excluding ascenders (like in “b” and “d”) and descenders (like in “g” and “p”). A larger x-height makes text easier to read at smaller sizes because the lowercase letters appear taller and more prominent. Conversely, a smaller x-height gives a more delicate, elegant look. It is an important aspect of font design and readability.