"Workers' Councils" (Pannekoek)

Workers' Councils, as proposed by the Dutch socialist Anton Pannekoek, are grassroots organizations formed by workers to collectively manage and govern their workplaces. Instead of hierarchical management structures, these councils emphasize direct democracy, where all workers have a say in decision-making processes. Pannekoek believed that this model would empower workers, promote solidarity, and lead to a more egalitarian society. By organizing through councils, workers could challenge exploitation and create a society based on cooperation and mutual aid, ultimately aiming to replace capitalism with a self-managed form of socialism.